Definitions of Intercultural Conflict

Chapter 10: Intercultural Conflict
OUTLINE
I. Definitions of Intercultural Conflict
1. Intercultural conflict is defined as the implicit or explicit emotional struggle between persons of different cultural communities over perceived or actual incompatibility of cultural ideologies and values, situational norms, goals, face-orientations, scarce resources, styles/processes, and/or outcomes in a face-to-face (or mediated) context within a sociohistorical embedded system.
2. Intercultural conflict occurs when cultural group membership factors influence how individuals approach, avoid, and manage conflict.
Intercultural conflict involves a certain degree of ethnocentric perceptions and judgments.
II. A Model of Intercultural Conflict
1. Young Yum Kim has developed a model of intercultural conflict. Kim argues that intercultural conflict occurs at three interdependent and interrelated levels, including a micro, or individual level, an intermediary level, and a macro, or societal level.
a. The micro or individual level of intercultural conflict refers to each individual’s unique attitudes, dispositions, and beliefs that he or she brings to the conflict.
b. The intermediary level of intercultural conflict refers to the actual location and context of the conflict. Some environments (e.g., neighborhoods, at school, on the job) may be more likely than others to facilitate conflict.
c. The macro or societal level of intercultural conflict includes factors that probably are out of the control of the interactants. These conditions include any history of subjugation, ideological/ structural inequality, and minority group strength.
III. An Intercultural Conversation: Kim’s Model of Intercultural Conflict
1. Mike Fabion is the vice president of Acme Marketing Firm, a company his father founded. Acme is a direct marketing firm for insurance agencies. Mike is 58 years old and White. He was born and raised in Kenilworth, Illinois, a wealthy Chicago suburb. Mike has six directors under him in Acme’s organizational hierarchy. These six directors each manage and supervise about seven employees. Thus, Mike supervises about 50 employees. Once a year, Mike has one-on-one meetings with each employee. These meetings are a part of each employee’s annual evaluation.
Today, Mike is meeting with Nicole Newton. Nicole is a new employee and has worked for Acme for just over a year. She was hired soon after graduating from college with a bachelor’s degree in communication. This will be her first evaluation meeting. She was hired as a telemarketer and hopes to move up in the organization soon. She is African American and 23 years old. She was raised in the city of Chicago, in a public- housing district. Their meeting takes place in Mike’s office. She and Mike have never met.
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