Urinary system

Urinary system
1. Understand the concept of homeostasis and appreciate the role of the kidney as a homeostatic organ
2. Understand the structure and function of the components of the kidney tubular system.
3. Understand the analysis of body fluids in malfunction diagnosis.
1.1 Describe the process of homeostasis systems and negative feedback
1.2 Describe the kidneys role in the balance of water, salt and pH
1.3 Describe the effect that varying the environment has at a cellular level and
appreciate the need for control through feedback
2.1 Describe the gross anatomy of the urinary system
2.2 Describe kidney structure and relate the areas of their roles
2.3 Describe the mechanisms of action of sections of the tubular system in detail
2.4 Discuss the role of medical technology in kidney replacement.
3.1 Carry out chemical tests to identify contents of unknown urine samples
3.2 Apply reasoned physiological knowledge to identify sources of the sample.
3.3 Relate findings to knowledge of tubular function
(1) With the help of the illustration above Describe the structure of the kidney and identify the roles of the component parts (2.2)
(2) Illustrate and describe the gross anatomy of the urine system. (2.1 )
(3) Illustrate and add an account of the mechanics of actions of the tubular system. (2.3).
(4) Describe the role of the Kidney in the balance of water, salt and pH (1.2)
(5) How has medical technology contributed towards kidney replacement? (2.4
(6) Describe the process of homeostasis systems and negative feedback. (1.1).
(7) Describe the effect that varying the environment has on a cellular level and appreciate the need for control through feedback. (1.3)
(8) Carry out a test to identify the contents of unknown urine samples.(3.1) (All apparatus can be found in most chemists)
(a) Protein can get into urine if the kidneys are damaged or if there is an infection Divide the sample equally between two test tubes/ clear universal containers like the ones you get from the doctors when you are asked for a urine sample. Put one container into the hot water bath, and leave the other at room temperature. After a few minutes, take the test tube out of the water bath, and compare the heated and unheated urine. If the heated sample is cloudier, it contains protein.
(b) pH of the unheated urine. Dip a piece of universal indicator paper into the urine. Quickly take it out, and leave it for 30 seconds. Compare the new colour with the pH colour chart, and note the pH number on your chart below.
(c) Glucose. This test is to find out if the urine contains glucose, which may indicate that the sample is from someone who has diabetes. Dip a Clinistix into a mid-stream urine sample, and immediately take it out. Count to ten, and then check the colour with clinistix colour chart. Record on the chart below whether the urine is negative, light, medium or dark (dark means a lot of glucose.
(d) Record your results for Sample in the table below.

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